Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a causative agent of diphtheria. Diphtheria was a serious contagious disease throughout much of the world until. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a nonmotile, noncapsulated, clubshaped, grampositive bacillus. If there is clinical suspicion of diphtheria microbiological laboratory must be informed immediately in order to use in the cultural approach appropriate media. Corynebacterium diphtheriae nkyomniventures xpowerpoint. Taxonomy navigation corynebacterium all lower taxonomy nodes 25 common name isynonym iother names i bacillus diphtheriae kruse in flugge 1886 bacterium diphtheriae kruse 1886 migula 1900 microsporon diphthericum sic klebs 1875 microsporon. Toxigenic strains are lysogenic for one of a family of corynebacteriophages that carry the structural gene for diphtheria toxin, tox. The disease was described in the 5th century bce by hippocrates, and epidemics were described in the 6th century ad by aetius.
Most strains require nicotinic and pantothenic acids for growth. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. They are bacilli rodshaped, and in some phases of life they are, more particularly, clubshaped, which inspired the genus name coryneform means clubshaped. Ppt corynebacterium spp and related organisms powerpoint. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is classified into biotypes mitis, intermedius, and gravis according to colony morphology, as well as into lysotypes based upon corynebacteriophage sensitivity. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Contact investigation and carrier study of human and animal contacts. Twentyfive cases of nontoxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae infection were recorded in poland during 20042012, of which 18 were invasive. Immunology and vaccinepreventable diseases pink book. Corynebacterium spp and related organisms is the property of its rightful owner. Some corynebacteria are part of the normal flora of humans, finding a suitable niche in virtually every anatomic site, especially the skin and nares.
Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection that affects the mucous membranes of the throat and nose. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is classified into biotypes mitis, intermedius, and gravis. After infection by direct contact, sneezing or coughing. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria.
In this article we will discuss about corynebacterium diphtheriae which causes a disease called diptheria in humans. It is a gram positive, nonmotile, non spore forming bacteria. Corynebacterium diphtheriae medical microbiology ncbi. More than half of these are connected to human and animal infections, with the most prominent member of the pathogenic species being corynebacterium diphtheriae, which is also the type species of the genus. Corynebacterium diphtheriae medical microbiology ncbi bookshelf.
Two other zoonotic corynebacterial species, corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, can also produce diphtheria toxin. Antitoxin neutralizes the unbound toxin in the blood. Corynebacterium classification corynebacterium diphtheria and diphtheroids look like c. Corynebacterium diphtheriae the causative agent of diphtheria, which produces a potent exotoxin reservoir humans epidemiology airborne, infected fomites, infected skin. It is upper respiratory tract illness and it is a contageous disease. Rapid detection and molecular differentiation of toxigenic. The toxin produced at the site of the membrane is absorbed into the bloodstream and then distributed to the.
The toxin inhibits cellular protein synthesis and is responsible for local tissue destruction and pseudomembrane formation 14. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Although it spreads easily from one person to another, diphtheria can be prevented through the. The results of the treatment were rapidly satisfactory, after surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy with pristinamycin. They are listed here by falling order of the severity of the disease that they produce in humans. Global population of corynebacterium diphtheriae is mainly represented by local genotypes whose circulation is under strong influence of human host factors, including health control measures, first of all, vaccination, and social economic conditions.
Diphtheria 107 7 diphtheria is an acute, toxinmediated disease caused by the bacterium. Septic osteomyelitis of the hip in a previously healthy child is described. Corynebacterium diphtheriae respiratory tract infections although inhaled air contains many particles, including microorganisms, the host defense mechanisms in the respiratory tract frequently prevent infection. Toxigenic strains in susceptible individuals can cause disease by multiplying and secreting diphtheria toxin into either skin or nasopharyngeal. Diphtheria toxoid 3 doses 2,4,6 years booster dose after every 10 years. Corynebacterium diphtheria produce very potent toxin when infected with a. Some are saprophytic some produce disease in animals. Corynebacterium introduction the genus corynebacterium consists of a diverse group of bacteria including. Diphtheria is caused by both toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans strains harboring lysogenic betacorynephages bearing the tox x encodes the diphtheria toxin dt, which is responsible for the systemic symptoms of diphtheria. Local manifestation depend on the site of faucial lesion. Multilocus sequence typing identifies evidence for recombination and two distinct lineages of corynebacterium diphtheriae external icon.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae definition of corynebacterium. Although diphtheria disease is rare in the united states, it appears that corynebacterium diphtheriae continues to circulate in areas of the country with previously endemic diphtheria. The characteristic clinical presentation is the presence of a grayishwhite, fibrinous and firmly adherent pseudomembrane figure 2 that forms within the first few. Morphology gram positive bacilli arranged in acute angled pairs chineese letter arrangement. The bacterium that causes diphtheria was first described by klebs in 1883, and was cultivated by loeffler in 1884, who applied kochs postulates and properly identified corynebacterium diphtheriae as the agent of the disease. Corynebacteria are pleomorphic rods that occur in angular arrangements. Nontoxigenic highly pathogenic clone of corynebacterium. Corynebacterium diphtheriae colonies on blood agar. Suitable for investigation throat swabs with removal under the false membranes, and nose or wound swabs, tissue if necessary.
Crystal structure of nucleotidefree diphtheria toxin. Diphtheria communicable disease management protocol diphtheria august 2016 1 this protocol applies to the management of toxinproducing strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae, ulcerans or pseudotuberculosis only. Diphtheria is caused by toxinproducing strains of the bacterium corynebacterium diphtheriae 6. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Corynebacterium species are characterized by a complex cell wall architecture. Corynebacterium diphtheriae diphtheria infectious disease. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is an aerobic grampositive bacterium which secretes a toxin that inactivates human elongation factor eef2, thus inhibiting translation during protein synthesis by human cells. Corynebacterium diphtheriae wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Characterization of corynebacterium species in macaques external icon. Displaying powerpoint presentation on corynebacterium types of bacteria corynebacterium diphtheriae corynebacterium ulcerans corynebacterium available to view or download. The complete genome sequence and analysis of corynebacterium. Ppt corynebacterium diphtheriae powerpoint presentation. Often, whole families died of the disease in a few weeks. Emad abdelhameed morad lecturer of medical microbiology and immunology.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae disease general microscience. The name of the disease is derived from the greek diphthera, meaning leather hide. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with. The bacterium that causes diphtheria was first described by klebs in 1883, and was cultivated by loeffler in 1884, who applied kochs postulates and properly identified corynebacterium diphtheriae as. Corynebacterium diphtheriae diphtheria infectious disease and. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the bacterium that causes the disease diphtheria. It is upper respiratory tract illness and it is a contageous disease 1. The site of infection, generally the throat, becomes sore and swollen. The bacilli are swollen at one end club shaped bacilli. Diphtheria causes a thick covering in the back of the throat.
Discover everything scribd has to offer, including books and audiobooks from major publishers. The disease occurs primarily in tropical regions and underdeveloped countries but has been known to appear throughout the world. Other articles where corynebacterium diphtheriae is discussed. It is a nonmotile, nonencapsulated, nonsporulating grampositive rodshaped bacterium with a high gccontent and occurs in four biovars. View corynebacterium ppts online, safely and virusfree. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Before mass immunization of children, carrier rates of c. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is spread by droplets, secretions, or direct contact.
Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. However, for 17% of cases, no concomitant diseases or predisposing factors were found. However, if there are large numbers of pathogenic organisms within the inspired air or if the host defenses are. In situ lysogenic conversion of nontoxigenic strains to a toxigenic phenotype. Remove this presentation flag as inappropriate i dont like this i like this remember as a favorite. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Formam grandes colonias quando cultivadas em meio agar sangue durante uma noite. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Diphtheria is caused by both toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans strains harboring lysogenic betacorynephages bearing the tox gene.
In the past, it was mainly through such healthy carriers that the disease was spread, and toxigenic bacteria were maintained in the population. Corynebacterium diphtheriae an overview sciencedirect topics. Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease that is caused by toxinproducing strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae, a grampositve rod 1. Biotype mitis and gravis produce larger, convex colonies with weak betahemolysis. Corynebacterium diphtheriae an overview sciencedirect. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a rodshaped, gram positive, non sporeforming, and nonmotile bacterium. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the leading causing agent of diphtheria. Diphtheria manifests as either an upper respiratory tract or cutaneous infection and is caused by the aerobic grampositive bacteria, corynebacterium diphtheria. Corynebacterium diphtheriae health sciences wellness. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Ppt corynebacterium diphtheriae powerpoint presentation free to download id. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Gram positive bacilli arranged in acute angled pairs chineese letter arrangement. Download corynebacterium types of bacteria corynebacterium diphtheriae corynebacterium ulcerans corynebacterium ppt for free.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae study guide by knpearso includes 12 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Diphtheria was a serious contagious disease throughout much of. The presentation is indolent and nonprogressive and is only rarely associated with signs of. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Pronunciation of corynebacterium diphtheriae with 2 audio pronunciations, 3 synonyms, 2 meanings, 2 translations and more for corynebacterium diphtheriae. C diphtheria is responsible for both endemic and epidemic diseases, and it was first described in the 5th century bc by hippocrates. A weakly toxigeniccorynebacterium diphtheriae strain was isolated from the bone aspirate. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. To date the genus corynebacterium comprises 88 species.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae on columbia agar with 5% defibrinated sheep blood. Alcoholism, homelessness, hepatic cirrhosis, and dental caries were predisposing factors for infection. The bacilli are beaded due to the metachromatic volutin granules. Novel nontoxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from a domestic cat with severe otitis. Introduction corynebacteria coryneform bacteria a group of nonspore forming, gram positive bacilli, tend to be clubbed or irregularly shaped. Novel diphtheriae in domestic cats centers for disease. Corynebacteria are grampositive, catalase positive, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, rodshaped bacteria that are straight or slightly curved, with clubbed ends from the greek koryne, club.
930 279 1544 528 280 545 1136 1172 422 1470 1201 783 1505 800 434 116 95 1049 538 521 1312 1420 966 178 544 77 609 281 1195 1669 1027 946 1123 825 1025 1396 715 379 346 953 1127 207 994 1467 917